This layer represents crude oil pipelines throughout the U.S. and part of Canada.
Crude Oil Pipelines
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Natural Gas Pipelines
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The U.S. natural gas pipeline network is a highly integrated network that moves natural gas throughout the continental United States. The pipeline network has about 3 million miles of mainline and other pipelines that link natural gas production areas and storage facilities with consumers. In 2017, this natural gas transportation network delivered about 25 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of natural gas to 75 million customers.
About half of the existing mainline natural gas transmission network and a large portion of the local distribution network were installed in the 1950s and 1960s because consumer demand for natural gas more than doubled following World War II. The distribution network has continued to expand to provide natural gas service to new commercial facilities and housing developments.
Oil and Natural Gas Well Density
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This layer was created using point data of Oil and Natural Gas wells in the United States. An Oil and Natural Gas Well is a hole drilled in the earth for the purpose of finding or producing crude oil or natural gas; or producing services related to the production of crude or natural gas. Density was calculated using a circular neighborhood of 1 mile and each cell is 1 square mile in area.
Wind Turbine Density
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This layer was created using point data of Wind Turbine locations within the U.S. from USGS. Density was calculated using a circular neighborhood of 1 mile and each cell is 1 square mile in area.
Power Plants
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This layer shows the location of electricity generating power-plants in the U.S., the total capacity of each plant, and the primary fuel source.
Electric Bulk Power Transmission Lines
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This layer represents electric power transmission lines. Transmission Lines are the system of structures, wires, insulators and associated hardware that carry electric energy from one point to another in an electric power system. Lines are operated at relatively high voltages varying from 69 kV up to 765 kV, and are capable of transmitting large quantities of electricity over long distances. Underground transmission lines are included where sources were available.
Coal Fields
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This data set shows the coal fields of Alaska and the conterminous United States. Most of the material for the conterminous United States was collected from James Trumbull’s “Coal Fields of the United States, Conterminous United States” map (sheet 1, 1960). The Gulf Coast region was updated using generalized, coal-bearing geology obtained from State geologic maps. The Alaska coal fields were collected from Farrell Barnes’s “Coal Fields of the United States, Alaska” map (sheet 2, 1961).
Oil and Natural Gas Fields
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The layer represents Oil and Natural Gas Fields. Generally, Oil and Natural Gas “Fields” are defined as “a low in the Earth’s crust of tectonic origin in which sediments have accumulated.” This definition was originally defined by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Within the larger area of the basins this feature class also contains smaller geographic “plays” which are defined as “A set of known or postulated oil and gas accumulations sharing similar geologic, geographic, and temporal properties, such as source rock, migration, pathway, timing, trapping mechanism, and hydrocarbon type. A play differs from a basin; a basin can include one or more plays.” This definition was originally defined by the United States Geologic Survey (USGS) and was appropriated for use in the creation of this feature class. The geographic coverage of this layer is the Continental United States, Canada, and Mexico.
Toxic Release Inventory by County
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This layer displays the amount of toxic releases based on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), a national program which tracks the management of over 650 toxic chemicals that pose a threat to human health and the environment. Facilities must report how each chemical is managed through recycling, energy recovery, treatment, and releases to the environment. A “release” of a chemical means that it is emitted to the air or water, or placed in some type of land disposal. The information submitted by facilities to the EPA and states is compiled annually as the Toxics Release Inventory or TRI, and is stored in a publicly accessible database ( Envirofacts. For more information, please visit the EPA Toxics Release Inventory web page.
Statistics of U.S. Businesses
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These data include number of establishments and corresponding employment change for births, deaths, expansions, and contractions from 2015 to 2016. The data are presented by geographic area, industry, and enterprise employment size.